Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری, [Chahār Mahāl and Bakhtīārī]) is located in the southwest of Iran among Zāgros Mountain Range. These mountains are the main source of water for rivers, springs and underground water reserves. Two large rivers of Kārūn and Zāyande-Rūd originate from the mountains of this province. The climate and geographical features have made this land a perfect place for nomad life, especially in its western parts. Nomads look for fresh pastures, because their economy is based on husbandry. The people who live in the eastern parts of the province are mostly farmers. The plant cover of this region includes forests and lawns. The forests are mainly located in Bāzaft, Lordegān, Ardal, Dūrhān and Falārd regions.

Music and poetry are the most ways of entertainment in nomad’s everyday life. The musical pieces of Bakhtiari tribes are known as Beit. The local musicians are called Toshomāli. Musical instruments include Kornā, Persian oboe, reed, drums and dulcimer.

On the special occasions, men and women dance together. They have different kinds of dances which are called Arūsi, Dastmāl, Ārām, Tond and Mojasameh. Common handicrafts of this province are carpet weaving, felt making, hat making, drugget weaving, coarse blanket weaving and lock making. The ethnic groups of the residents of this province are Ghashghāīs, Bakhtīārī Lurs and Persians. Each group speaks its own language.